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Taeko Kono
is one of the most important and critically acclaimed writers in modern Japanese literature. She is one of a generation of remarkable women writers who made an appearance in Japan in the 1960s and 1970s and who include Kurahashi Yumiko, Mori Mari, Setouchi Harumi, and Takahashi Takako (Japanese name order). Kono also established a reputation for herself as an essayist, playwright and literary critic. By the end of her life she was a leading presence in Japan's literary establishment, one of the first women writers to serve on the Akutagawa Literary Prize committee.〔 Oe Kenzaburo, Japan's Nobel Laureate, described her as the most "lucidly intelligent" woman writer writing in Japan, and the US critic and academic Masao Miyoshi identified her as among the most "critically alert and historically intelligent." A writer who deals with some quite dark themes, she is known to readers in English through the collection of short stories ''Toddler-Hunting and Other Stories'' (New Directions, 1996).
==Biography==
Kōno Taeko was born February 24, 1926 in Osaka, Japan to Kōno Tameji and Yone;〔 her father Tameji operated a business specialising in mountain produce.〔"Kōno Taeko", ''This kind of woman: ten stories by Japanese women writers, 1960-1976'', Eds. and trans. Yukiko Tanaka, Elizabeth Hanson (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1982), 44.〕 As a child she suffered from poor health.〔 When she was 15, the Pacific War broke out and her teenage years were dominated by service as a student worker sewing military uniforms and work in a munitions factory.〔"Kono Taeko", ''The Columbia Anthology of Modern Japanese Literature: From 1945 to the present'', Eds. J. Thomas Rimer, Van C. Gessel, New York: Columbia University Press, 2007), 190.〕
After the war, she finished her economics degree at Women’s University (currently Osaka Prefecture University), graduating in 1947.〔〔KKo, "Kōno Taeko", ''Who's who in Contemporary Women's Writing'', 2nd ed. (New York: Routledge, 2002), 175.〕 Kono has written of the new sense of freedom and the high hopes she had after the war.〔 Determined to make a career for herself as a writer, she moved to Tokyo, a city full of literary activities and literary personae, joined a literary group led by Niwa Fumio, and threw herself into writing, at the same time as working full-time. After nearly a decade of trying, during which she suffered several setbacks in her health, including two bouts of tuberculosis, in 1961 the literary magazine Shinchōsha began publishing her stories, and in 1962 she was awarded Shinchōsha's "Dōjin zasshi" ("Coterie Magazine") award for her story "Yōji-gari" ("Toddler Hunting" ()). In 1963 her short story "Kani" (Crabs) (蟹) won the prestigious Akutagawa Prize (her story "Yuki" () had been nominated in 1962).〔 After this Kōno began to produce a stream of remarkable short fiction. In 1965 she married the painter Yasushi Ichikawa.〔 In 1967 she was awarded the Women's Literary Prize for ''Saigo no toki (Final Moments),'' in 1968 the Yomiuri Prize for "A Sudden Voice" (不意の声), and in 1980 she won the Tanizaki Prize for "A Year-long Pastoral" (一年の牧歌). She received a literary prize from the Japanese Art Academy in 1984 and the Noma Literary Prize in 1991 for her novel ''Miiratori ryōkitan'' (''Mummy-Hunting for the Bizarre'', 1990).〔〔 Kōno's short story "Hone no niku" (Bone Meat) was published in the 1977 anthology ''Contemporary Japanese Literature'' (ed. Howard Hibbett), which stimulated interest in her writing amongst readers in English. A trickle of translations into English followed in a variety of anthologies of Japanese women's writing in translation, culminating in the publication of ''Toddler-Hunting and Other Stories'' in 1996.〔 Kōno continued to write all her life, and was still writing when she died in hospital in January 2015. In 2014 she was awarded a Bunka Kunshō, or Order of Culture, which is presented by the Emperor to distinguished artists, scholars, or citizens who make remarkable contributions to Japanese culture, arts and science.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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